Ankle Sprains

Sprains are injuries to the tough, rope-like fibers called ligaments that connect bone to bone. If you have a severe sprain, your symptoms may be very similar to those you would have with a broken bone. Sprains are ranked by degrees based on what has been damaged.

A first-degree sprain stretches the ligaments but does not tear them. Signs and symptoms may include

Mild to moderate swelling and pain,
A stable joint that does not feel loose or wobbly.

A second-degree sprain partially tears the ligaments. Signs and symptoms may include

Moderate to severe pain and swelling,
Bruising,
Mild to moderate instability.

A third-degree sprain completely tears the ligaments. Signs and symptoms may include

Mild to severe pain – the pain is sometimes less than in a partial tear,
Severe swelling and bruising,
An unstable joint that feels wobbly or loose.

After an ankle sprain, apply ice and elevate the ankle as often as you can. Take anti-inflammatory medications (prescription or over-the-counter) to control pain and decrease swelling. If you are in a boot or splint, open it up to apply ice. Swelling and bruising are to be expected, but will decrease the more your ankle is elevated. Bruising will appear to move around to different areas of the foot and toes. If you are at work, prop your leg in a chair if possible. While at home, elevate it on at least four to five pillows, keeping your ankle above your heart level. Physical therapy is sometimes ordered for patients with a severe sprain.

A brace or boot is used to give your ankle stability while you walk. Discontinue crutches as you become more comfortable with walking in the boot or brace. If you are given a boot, wear it at night for the first 10 days after injury.

Here are some exercises to help stability and flexibility to return. You may begin these within one or two days after a first-degree sprain, and five to seven days after a second- or third-degree sprain. Follow the instructions carefully and slowly work up to completing the indicated number of sessions and exercises each day.

ankle sprain